Biometric technology has contributed significantly to propelling civilisation forward, making possible a degree of accuracy rate in identification and authentication needed for society to rest its confidence in the inner workings of law enforcement, banking, healthcare, digital transactions, and elections, among other endeavors.
The most common modalities of biometric identification and authentication had so far centered around fingerprint, iris, and face. Yet the impetus to take things just a little further has prompted researchers to investigate other less obtrusive modalities.